Hundreds of native insect species in Europe are "preyed upon" by invasive Asian hornets.
University of Exeter researchers.
Researchers have warned that hundreds of different insect species, many of which
are crucial pollinators, are being eaten by Asian hornets in Europe.
Concerns about the "extra threat" the hornet poses to native insects already under
stress from farming, land use changes, and chemical pollution are heightened
by the results of tests conducted on the guts of over 1,500 larvae.
With 43 of the 50 most often recognized species in the hornet larvae's diet known
to visit flowers, including Europe's three primary agricultural pollinators, the study
also emphasizes the possible impact on agriculture.
Native to south-east Asia, the Asian hornet, sometimes known as
the yellow-legged hornet, is a voracious invader. About 20 years ago, it came to France in a shipment of Chinese pottery and
quickly spread throughout the continent.
Honeybees are its primary prey. The Asian hornet has decimated colonies in France and Italy and can kill fifty
bees each day.
Since its initial appearance in the UK in 2016, there have been several sightings,
with 44 verified in 2024, mostly in Kent and East Sussex.
More than 1,500 hornet larvae from 103 nests in Jersey, France, Spain, and the
UK had their bellies examined genetically using a technique known as
"deep sequencing" by researchers from the University of Exeter.
More than half (55%) of the 1,449 distinct prey items that the adult hornets fed
to their larvae in the nests were recognized as belonging to a particular species.
Numerous flies, wasps, bees, butterflies, moths, and spiders were among the prey;
the most often observed were honeybees, common wasps, and blowflies.
Although the hornets prefer honeybees, which were present in every nest and
nearly every sample, a variety of other species were also observed, demonstrating
that they are "opportunistic" and feed on any animals that are prevalent in
the vicinity of their nests.
The top 50 prey species identified included the honeybee, buff-tailed bumblebee,
and red-tailed bumblebee, which are Europe's top three crop pollinators.
"Asian hornets are known to prey on honeybees, but the whole range of their diet
has not been examined until now," stated Siffreya Pedersen, the study's primary author. They are extremely adaptable predators, as evidenced by the significant seasonal
and regional variations in their diet.
Insects are essential to the functioning of ecosystems because they help with
pollination, decomposition, and pest control, the speaker stated. The majority of insect populations are declining as a result of things like chemical
pollution and habitat destruction. An additional threat is the growing Asian hornet population.
Soource theguardian.com
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