The fossilized lion Thylacoleo makes a spectacular reappearance
The World Heritage-listed Naracoorte Caves' Victoria Cave tourist complex
will feature a new replica of Thylacoleo, Australia's once-dreadsome
carnivorous marsupial lion.
The missing tail bone and other backbone anatomical elements discovered
by Flinders University Paleontology researchers in recent years are featured
for the first time in the updated fossil model, a new exhibit at the Caves'
Megafauna Experience.
According to Thomas Shortt, Site Manager for the National Parks and Wildlife
Service Naracoorte Caves, the exhibit will serve as an additional means
of commemorating the 30 years since the fossil caves were designated as
World Heritage.
"With this new display that will continue the heritage of one of the original
Victoria Fossil Cave skeletons uncovered in the late 1970s, we are pleased
to head towards the Christmas school holidays," he says.
"Thylacoleo has long been connected to the Naracoorte Caves and is a
representation of the location.
"It will be a fantastic opportunity to share knowledge about this fascinating
species with our guides as they interpret an updated skeleton for guests on
tour of the Victoria Fossil Cave."
At least 500,000 years have passed since the limestone caves at Naracoorte
served as pitfall traps, preserving some of the most complete fossils from multiple
ice ages and the time when humans first arrived in the region, when Australia's
megafauna, including the apex predator Thylacoleo carnifex
(also called the marsupial lion), ruled the land.
The most recent reconstruction has been endorsed by Rod Wells, an Emeritus
Professor at Flinders University who was among the first explorers to find the
scientifically significant fossil chamber in Victoria Fossil Cave over 50 years ago.
In the 1950s, Thylacoleo was one of the first megafauna skeletons found
in a Naracoorte quarry.
Then, in 1969, enough articulated remains of Thylacoleo were found in the
Victoria Cave chamber to rebuild the majority of the skeleton, according to
Professor Wells of the College of Science and Engineering.
The partial skeleton that has been on exhibit at the Victoria Fossil Cave for
many years was created by the late Edwin Bailey, a volunteer, using casts
of these bones.
"The first entire skeleton of Thylacoleo, including the missing tail, has now
been put together thanks to more recent findings at Naracoorte in 2006 and
caves on the Nullarbor in Western Australia in 2010."
A striking image of this fierce ambush predator has been presented by this
reevaluation of the biomechanics and behavior.
Using scans obtained by Ph.D. student Jacob van Zoulen and the new
ambush position, Carey Burke, technical officer of the Flinders University
Paleontology Lab, assembled the new cast with student volunteers to create
a spectacular exhibition for the Victoria Fossil Cave.
According to Mr. Burke, "we recast new hands and caudal vertebrates to
reflect the newest fossil record studies and constructed the new mount
based on a 3D model of the Nullarbor skeleton and recast some of the original molds."
Because of its carnivorous behaviors and cat-like cranium,
Thylacoleo carnifex is frequently referred to as a marsupial lion.
The biggest animal predator on the Australian continent weighed around
120 kg and could use its semi-opposable thumb's long, sharp
claws to grip or slice its victim before using its huge incisor fangs to stab
or strangle it.
Approximately 50,000 years ago, these mammals went extinct after being
comparatively prevalent throughout most of Australia throughout the Pleistocene epoch.
Its evolutionary history dates back around 25 million years to the Riversleigh
rainforests in Queensland.
Source phys.org
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