Uncovering the rhythms of ancient Arabia: Music served as a bridge between cultures in the Arabian Gulf throughout prehistoric times.

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                  Copper cymbals in situ after removing part of the fill layer. They are on top of ea
Two bronze cymbals from Bronze Age Oman have been examined by archaeologists, 
indicating that common musical heritage linked cultures and promoted trade around 
the Arabian Gulf. Every society has music, which is universal part of human existence. Whether it is utilized for religious rituals, cultural gatherings, or just for amusement, 
music has frequently served as unifying factor. However, the materials used to make musical instruments—such as metal and 
wood—rarely survive in the archaeological record. Because of this, understanding how music influenced prehistoric societies 
is challenging. Thus, pair of copper alloy cymbals discovered during the excavation of the 
"Umm an-Nar" culture site in Dahwa, 
Oman, in the third millennium BC, is unique and significant discovery. The study's lead author, Professor Khaled Douglas of Sultan Qaboos University 
in Oman, states, "These copper alloy cymbals are the first of their kind to have 
been found in good archaeological contexts in Oman and are from particularly early
 context that questions some of the assumptions on their origin and development." Sultan Qaboos University archaeologists visually examined the cymbals and 
conducted isotopic analysis on the copper to learn more about their origins. The journal Antiquity publishes their findings. The cymbals were made in Oman, according to isotope analysis, even though they 
resembled samples of cymbals from the modern Indus Valley in style.
                    Aerial photograph of the building in which the cymbals were found. Credit: Antiqui


This implies that interactions between the Indus Valley civilization and the 

Umm an-Nar culture had an impact on the cymbals' manufacturing.

During the Bronze Age, trade around the Arabian Gulf is abundantly 

documented. Arabia has produced numerous instances of metal items, pottery, and beads 

that resemble those from the Indus Valley.

The societal ramifications of this wide-ranging connection are still unknown, 

though, as these findings have primarily been studied in an economic context. According to Professor Nasser Al-Jahwari, co-author,

 "the Early Bronze Age (Umm-an-Nar period) had already demonstrated

 rich evidence of interregional contact."

The precise nature of these relationships is still up for discussion and 

investigation, though. Therefore, the finding of the cymbals suggests that trade was not the only

 factor in the relationships between the Bronze Age societies of the Gulf.

Like resources, cultural activities probably moved back and forth between 

the Arabian Peninsula and the Indus Valley. Throughout the Arabian Gulf, musical traditions were probably an important

 part of daily life; they may even have revealed common religious or ritualistic

 beliefs. These disparate cultures may have been held together and their peaceful 

relationships ensured by music. The authors conclude, "The discovery of the Dahwa cymbals supports the idea

 that music, chanting, and group dance already established the framework

 for mediating interactions between different societies in this area for the 

millennia to come in the late third millennium BC."

Source  phys.org


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