Scientists find that cunning bamboo can manipulate the genes of the pandas that consume it.
Pandas' DNA may be influenced by minute fragments of bamboo genetic material,
which would allow them adjust to a diet high in bamboo.
Giant pandas' blood has been revealed to contain bamboo genetic material,
Giant pandas' blood has been revealed to contain bamboo genetic material,
which could change how these famous bears eat.
Scientists have found microRNA, which are tiny bits of genetic information that are
essential for turning genes on and off, from bamboo hiding in pandas' blood,
according to a new study published Friday (Feb. 28) in the journal Frontiers
in Veterinary Science. They claim that this microRNA, or miRNA, may change how genes that affect
the pandas' taste, smell, and dopamine pathways are expressed.
"We demonstrated that giant pandas' blood contains plant-derived miRNAs,"
a statement from Feng Li, a researcher at China West Normal University, read.
"Our research shown that feeding giant pandas bamboo does have an impact
on the changes in their dietary habits."
Just like humans do with the plants we eat, pandas absorb little bits of genetic material
from the bamboo when they consume it.
Like our DNA, RNA is a single-stranded molecule composed
of the same molecular letters. In contrast, DNA is a two-stranded instruction
handbook made up of distinct genes that teach our cells on how to produce
particular proteins. "MiRNA are little RNA fragments that can affect whether these genes are activated
or inactive and how much of their products should be produced," Li wrote in
an email to Live Science.
According to the latest study, Li and colleagues discovered 57 miRNAs in the blood
of seven pandas, including a juvenile, that were probably caused by the bamboo
they were fed.
The expression of genes linked to the pandas' feeding patterns, such as taste and
smell signaling, digestion, and dopamine pathways "which make certain activities,
like eating fatty and sugary food or having sex, feel good," was discovered to
be impacted by these miRNAs. This suggests that these bamboo miRNAs might have affected pandas' food
preferences, making eating bamboo more enticing to them and better adapted
to a diet consisting almost entirely of bamboo.
"Bamboo miRNAs bridge the gap between giant pandas' herbivorous lifestyle
and carnivorous heritage by acting as active regulators and not only dietary residues,"
Li told Live Science.
Furthermore, it was shown that the miRNAs affected the pandas' capacity to detect
fresh bamboo and aided in their absorption of additional calories from
the nutrient-poor bamboo into their digestive tract.
The finding that plant-derived miRNA can significantly
affect animal gene expression may lead to a number of treatments for both people
and animals, with "possible therapeutic implications for treating inflammation
and metabolic problems," Li said. MiRNA from the plants we eat has also been shown in earlier studies to influence
gene expression in humans and other mammals, which may help control immune
function and, in Li's words, "improve animals' disease resistance."
In order to look into the broader distribution and effects of these compounds, Li and
his team intend to expand their study beyond the seven pandas that are a part of it. "Obtaining blood samples is difficult, and the giant panda is a very valuable national
treasure in our country," Li stated. "In order to conduct study and possibly obtain more unexpected findings, we would
like to obtain blood samples from juvenile pandas that have not yet consumed bamboo."
Source livescience.com
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